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Question-1. What is ALGOL mainly used for?
Answer-1: It was widely used for scientific computations and as a base for later programming languages.
Question-2. Why is ALGOL historically significant?
Answer-2: It introduced structured programming concepts and influenced languages like Pascal, C, and Java.
Question-3. What does ALGOL stand for?
Answer-3: Algorithmic Language.
Question-4. What is the major feature of ALGOL 60?
Answer-4: It introduced block structure, allowing nested functions and local variables.
Question-5. What is ALGOL 68 known for?
Answer-5: ALGOL 68 introduced strong typing, user-defined data types, and orthogonality.
Question-6. Was ALGOL widely used in industry?
Answer-6: No, it was mainly used in academia and research.
Question-7. How do you declare a variable in ALGOL?
Answer-7: integer x; declares an integer variable x.
Question-8. How do you write a simple output statement in ALGOL?
Answer-8: print("Hello, World!");
Question-9. How do you take input in ALGOL?
Answer-9: read x; reads input into variable x.
Question-10. What is the syntax for an IF statement in ALGOL?
Answer-10: if x > 0 then print("Positive") else print("Negative");
Question-11. How do you write a loop in ALGOL?
Answer-11: for i := 1 step 1 until 10 do print(i);
Question-12. How do you define a procedure in ALGOL?
Answer-12: procedure square(x); integer x; begin return x * x; end;
Question-13. How do you call a procedure in ALGOL?
Answer-13: square(5);
Question-14. What is recursion in ALGOL?
Answer-14: A function calling itself, like in factorial(n).
Question-15. How do you define an array in ALGOL?
Answer-15: integer arr[1:10];
Question-16. How do you access array elements in ALGOL?
Answer-16: Using arr[i], e.g., print(arr[2]);
Question-17. What is an enumeration type in ALGOL?
Answer-17: type Days = (Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, ...);
Question-18. How do you define a record in ALGOL?
Answer-18: record Student (string name; integer age;);
Question-19. What is a block structure in ALGOL?
Answer-19: A code section enclosed in begin ... end;
Question-20. What is a compound statement in ALGOL?
Answer-20: Multiple statements grouped using begin ... end;
Question-21. How do you write comments in ALGOL?
Answer-21: Using comment, e.g., comment This is a comment;
Question-22. What are the logical operators in ALGOL?
Answer-22: and, or, not.
Question-23. How do you write a while loop in ALGOL?
Answer-23: while x > 0 do print(x);
Question-24. What are the control structures available in ALGOL?
Answer-24: if-else, for, while, switch-case.
Question-25. What is orthogonality in ALGOL 68?
Answer-25: A feature where language constructs can be combined without restrictions.
Question-26. How do you define a function returning a value in ALGOL?
Answer-26: integer function add(x, y); integer x, y; begin return x + y; end;
Question-27. How do you pass parameters in ALGOL procedures?
Answer-27: Using call-by-name and call-by-value.
Question-28. What is call-by-name in ALGOL?
Answer-28: A parameter passing method where expressions are evaluated when accessed.
Question-29. What is call-by-value in ALGOL?
Answer-29: A method where values are copied into function parameters.
Question-30. How do you declare a constant in ALGOL?
Answer-30: real pi = 3.14159;
Question-31. How do you define a switch case in ALGOL?
Answer-31: switch x := case 1: print("One") case 2: print("Two") default: print("Other");
Question-32. What are the built-in data types in ALGOL?
Answer-32: Integer, real, boolean, string, arrays, and records.
Question-33. How do you check equality in ALGOL?
Answer-33: Using = (e.g., if x = y then print("Equal");).
Question-34. What is the purpose of begin-end in ALGOL?
Answer-34: It groups multiple statements as a single block.
Question-35. How do you exit a loop early in ALGOL?
Answer-35: Using the goto statement (not recommended).
Question-36. How do you open a file in ALGOL?
Answer-36: Using openfile(filename);
Question-37. How do you read from a file in ALGOL?
Answer-37: Using readfile(f, x);
Question-38. How do you write to a file in ALGOL?
Answer-38: Using writefile(f, "text");
Question-39. What is the difference between ALGOL 60 and ALGOL 68?
Answer-39: ALGOL 68 introduced structured programming, orthogonality, and user-defined types.
Question-40. What is the significance of ALGOL in modern programming?
Answer-40: It influenced languages like Pascal, C, Java, and Python.
Question-41. What is an expression in ALGOL?
Answer-41: A combination of variables, constants, and operators.
Question-42. What is short-circuit evaluation in ALGOL?
Answer-42: Logical expressions stop evaluating when the result is known.
Question-43. What are the input-output operations in ALGOL?
Answer-43: read, write, print.
Question-44. How do you declare a two-dimensional array in ALGOL?
Answer-44: integer matrix[1:5, 1:5];
Question-45. How do you implement error handling in ALGOL?
Answer-45: ALGOL does not have built-in exception handling, but errors can be handled with if conditions.
Question-46. Why did ALGOL decline in popularity?
Answer-46: Due to lack of standardization and competition from languages like Pascal and C.
Question-47. What is ALGOL?
Answer-47: ALGOL (Algorithmic Language) is a family of high-level programming languages developed for scientific and mathematical computations.
Question-48. When was ALGOL first developed?
Answer-48: ALGOL was introduced in 1958.
Question-49. Who developed ALGOL?
Answer-49: It was developed by an international committee of European and American computer scientists.
Question-50. What are the different versions of ALGOL?
Answer-50: ALGOL 58, ALGOL 60, and ALGOL 68 are the main versions.
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