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Software Engineering Questions and Answers

Frequently asked questions and answers of Software Engineering in Computer Science to enhance your skills, knowledge on the selected topic. We have compiled the best Software Engineering Interview question and answer, trivia quiz, mcq questions, viva question, quizzes to prepare. Download Software Engineering FAQs in PDF form online for academic course, jobs preparations and for certification exams .

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Interview Questions and Answers of Software Engineering

Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) ()
  • What is SDLC?
  • What are the different stages of SDLC?
  • Explain the Waterfall model in SDLC.
  • What is the Agile methodology?
  • What are the advantages of Agile over Waterfall?
Agile Methodology ()
  • What is Agile methodology?
  • What are the principles of Agile?
  • What are the key benefits of Agile methodology?
  • What is Scrum?
  • What are the roles in Scrum?
Scrum Framework ()
  • What is the purpose of the Sprint Retrospective meeting?
  • What is the meaning of "Done" in Scrum?
  • How does Scrum ensure continuous improvement?
  • What is the Scrum Master?s role in removing impediments?
  • How does Scrum handle stakeholder feedback?
Kanban Methodology ()
  • What is Kanban methodology?
  • What are the core principles of Kanban?
  • What is the purpose of a Kanban board?
  • What is Work in Progress (WIP) in Kanban?
  • How does Kanban differ from Scrum?
Waterfall Model ()
  • How do you use Kanban to track team performance?
  • What is the Waterfall Model in software engineering?
  • What are the stages of the Waterfall Model?
  • What is the advantage of the Waterfall Model?
  • What are the limitations of the Waterfall Model?
V-Model (Validation and Verification Model) ()
  • What is the V-Model in software engineering?
  • What does the V in V-Model stand for?
  • How does the V-Model differ from the Waterfall Model?
  • What are the main stages in the V-Model?
  • What is the purpose of Verification in the V-Model?
Iterative and Incremental Development ()
  • What is Iterative and Incremental Development?
  • What is the difference between iterative and incremental development?
  • What are the advantages of Iterative and Incremental Development?
  • How does Iterative and Incremental Development reduce risk?
  • What role does customer feedback play in Iterative and Incremental Development?
Spiral Model ()
  • How is communication handled in the Spiral Model?
  • How does the Spiral Model manage resource allocation?
  • What is a typical deliverable at the end of a Spiral Model iteration?
  • How is risk assessment conducted in the Spiral Model?
  • How does the Spiral Model accommodate iterative design?
Extreme Programming (XP) ()
  • What is Extreme Programming (XP)?
  • What are the key principles of Extreme Programming?
  • What are the core practices of Extreme Programming?
  • What is pair programming in XP?
  • What is test-driven development (TDD) in XP?
Lean Software Development ()
  • What is Lean Software Development?
  • What are the core principles of Lean Software Development?
  • How does Lean Software Development differ from Agile?
  • What is the concept of waste in Lean Software Development?
  • What are the types of waste identified in Lean?
DevOps Principles ()
  • What is DevOps?
  • What are the key principles of DevOps?
  • How does DevOps improve collaboration between development and operations?
  • What is Continuous Integration (CI) in DevOps?
  • What is Continuous Delivery (CD)?
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) ()
  • What is Continuous Integration (CI)?
  • What is Continuous Deployment (CD)?
  • What is the difference between Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment?
  • How does CI/CD improve software quality?
  • What are the key benefits of CI/CD?
Software Requirement Analysis ()
  • What is "Requirements Traceability"?
  • What is the difference between "Requirements Analysis" and "Requirements Design"?
  • How do "Prototypes" help in gathering requirements?
  • What are "Acceptance Testing" requirements?
  • How do "Interviews" help in Requirement Elicitation?
Functional vs. Non-functional Requirements ()
  • What are functional requirements in software engineering?
  • What are non-functional requirements in software engineering?
  • What is the difference between functional and non-functional requirements?
  • Can you give examples of functional requirements?
  • Can you give examples of non-functional requirements?
Use Case Analysis ()
  • What is a use case in software engineering?
  • What is the purpose of use case analysis?
  • What are the key components of a use case?
  • What is an actor in use case analysis?
  • What is the difference between primary and secondary actors?
User Stories and Acceptance Criteria ()
  • What is a user story in Agile software development?
  • What are the components of a user story?
  • What is acceptance criteria in Agile?
  • How do you write good user stories?
  • What is the INVEST model in Agile?
Software Design Patterns (e.g., Singleton, Factory, Observer) ()
  • What are design patterns in software engineering?
  • What is the importance of design patterns in software development?
  • What are the different types of design patterns?
  • What is a creational design pattern?
  • Can you explain the Singleton pattern?
SOLID Principles ()
  • How does DIP influence dependency injection?
  • How can you combine SOLID principles with design patterns?
  • How does SOLID promote better collaboration among developers?
  • What are the potential challenges in applying SOLID principles in legacy code?
  • What are the SOLID principles in software engineering?
DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) Principle ()
  • What is the DRY principle in software engineering?
  • Why is the DRY principle important?
  • What are the main benefits of applying the DRY principle?
  • Can you give an example of a violation of the DRY principle?
  • How can you refactor code to adhere to the DRY principle?
KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) Principle ()
  • What is the KISS principle in software engineering?
  • Why is the KISS principle important in software development?
  • Can you provide an example of the KISS principle in software design?
  • How does KISS relate to software maintainability?
  • What are the risks of not applying the KISS principle?
YAGNI (You Aren't Gonna Need It) Principle ()
  • What does the YAGNI principle stand for?
  • What is the main goal of the YAGNI principle?
  • How does YAGNI help in software development?
  • Who introduced the YAGNI principle?
  • How does YAGNI relate to Extreme Programming (XP)?
MVC (Model-View-Controller) Architecture ()
  • What is MVC architecture?
  • What is the role of the Model in MVC?
  • What is the role of the View in MVC?
  • What is the role of the Controller in MVC?
  • Why is the MVC pattern important?
MVVM (Model-View-ViewModel) Architecture ()
  • What is MVVM architecture?
  • What is the role of the Model in MVVM?
  • What is the role of the View in MVVM?
  • What is the role of the ViewModel in MVVM?
  • How does MVVM differ from MVC?
Microservices Architecture ()
  • What are the key benefits of using Microservices?
  • What are the challenges of implementing Microservices?
  • What is the role of APIs in Microservices?
  • What is service discovery in Microservices?
  • What is a gateway in Microservices?
Monolithic vs. Microservices ()
  • What is a monolithic architecture?
  • What is microservices architecture?
  • Key differences between monolithic and microservices?
  • What are the advantages of monolithic architecture?
  • What are the disadvantages of monolithic architecture?
Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) ()
  • What is Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)?
  • What are the benefits of SOA?
  • What are the core principles of SOA?
  • What is the difference between SOA and microservices?
  • What are Web Services in SOA?
RESTful APIs ()
  • What is a RESTful API?
  • What are the key principles of REST?
  • What is the difference between REST and SOAP?
  • What are the HTTP methods commonly used in RESTful APIs?
  • What is the purpose of the GET method in RESTful APIs?
GraphQL ()
  • What is GraphQL?
  • What are the key differences between REST and GraphQL?
  • What is a resolver in GraphQL?
  • What is a schema in GraphQL?
  • What are queries in GraphQL?
SOAP Protocol ()
  • What is WS-Security in SOAP?
  • What transport protocols are used in SOAP?
  • What is a Web Service in SOAP?
  • What is the purpose of the SOAP envelope in a SOAP message?
  • How does SOAP handle errors?
Web Services and Microservices ()
  • What is a Web Service?
  • What are the different types of Web Services?
  • What is a Microservice?
  • What is the difference between Web Services and Microservices?
  • What are the benefits of Microservices?
Distributed Systems ()
  • What is a Distributed System?
  • What are the main characteristics of a Distributed System?
  • What are the benefits of using Distributed Systems?
  • What are the challenges of Distributed Systems?
  • What is the CAP theorem?
Concurrency and Parallelism ()
  • What is the difference between concurrency and parallelism?
  • Can you explain a race condition?
  • What is thread synchronization?
  • What is a deadlock in the context of concurrency?
  • What are the main problems associated with concurrency?
Multithreading and Synchronization ()
  • What is multithreading?
  • What is the difference between a process and a thread?
  • What are the advantages of multithreading?
  • What is a thread pool in multithreading?
  • What is a race condition in multithreading?
Software Testing Types (Unit, Integration, System, Acceptance) ()
  • What is beta testing?
  • What is user acceptance testing (UAT)?
  • What is the difference between system testing and acceptance testing?
  • Why is unit testing important in the software development life cycle?
  • What is regression testing, and why is it important?
TDD (Test-Driven Development) ()
  • What is Test-Driven Development (TDD)?
  • What are the steps in the TDD cycle?
  • What is the "Red-Green-Refactor" cycle in TDD?
  • What is the purpose of writing tests before the code in TDD?
  • How does TDD improve software quality?
BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) ()
  • What is Behavior-Driven Development (BDD)?
  • How does BDD differ from Test-Driven Development (TDD)?
  • What is Gherkin in the context of BDD?
  • What are the key components of a BDD scenario?
  • What are the advantages of using BDD over traditional testing?
Unit Testing Frameworks (e.g., JUnit, NUnit) ()
  • What is unit testing?
  • What are the benefits of unit testing?
  • What is JUnit?
  • What is NUnit?
  • How does JUnit work?
Integration Testing ()
  • What is integration testing?
  • Why is integration testing important?
  • What are the different types of integration testing?
  • What is the difference between unit testing and integration testing?
  • What is Big Bang Integration Testing?
Regression Testing ()
  • How do you ensure that regression testing remains efficient?
  • What challenges do you face while performing regression testing?
  • How do you execute regression testing for mobile applications?
  • How do you perform regression testing in a microservices architecture?
  • What is the relationship between functional testing and regression testing?
Load and Performance Testing ()
  • What is load testing in software engineering?
  • Why is performance testing important?
  • What is the difference between load testing and stress testing?
  • What are the key metrics measured during performance testing?
  • What tools are commonly used for load and performance testing?

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