Waterfall Model Questions and Answers for Viva

Answer-1: Kanban tracks team performance through metrics like cycle time, throughput, WIP limits, and cumulative flow diagrams, helping teams monitor progress, identify improvements, and optimize workflows.

Answer-2: The Waterfall Model is a linear and sequential approach to software development. Each phase must be completed before the next phase begins.

Answer-3: The stages are: Requirements, Design, Implementation, Testing, Deployment, and Maintenance.

Answer-4: Its structured approach makes it easy to understand and manage, with clear documentation at each stage.

Answer-5: It's rigid and inflexible. Once a phase is completed, it's difficult to go back and make changes.

Answer-6: All requirements are gathered upfront before the project starts, and they are documented.

Answer-7: Changes are difficult to incorporate after the project begins as the process is linear and sequential.

Answer-8: Testing is done after the implementation phase, once the system is built.

Answer-9: It's best for projects with well-understood requirements and a clear, unchanging scope.

Answer-10: Risks are typically assessed during the planning phase, but they can be hard to address later on due to the rigid nature of the model.

Answer-11: The Waterfall Model lacks flexibility, making it hard to accommodate changes once development is underway.

Answer-12: Waterfall is a linear approach, while Agile is iterative and allows for changes and continuous feedback.

Answer-13: The entire process might need to go back to the earlier stages, such as Design or Implementation, causing delays.

Answer-14: It can be used for large projects, but due to its rigid structure, it may not be the best choice for projects with evolving requirements.

Answer-15: Extensive documentation is created in each phase, and it's crucial for moving to the next phase.

Answer-16: While it is less popular for modern, dynamic projects, it is still used for projects with fixed requirements.

Answer-17: The Design phase focuses on creating detailed system and software architecture based on requirements gathered earlier.

Answer-18: The Maintenance phase involves updating and fixing the system after deployment to ensure its proper functioning.

Answer-19: Timelines are often set upfront but can be delayed if any phase overruns its estimated time, as later phases depend on the completion of earlier ones.

Answer-20: No, it requires clear and complete requirements upfront. It doesn't handle uncertainty well.

Answer-21: Success is typically measured by whether the project meets its predefined requirements and is delivered on time.

Answer-22: It is often used in government, aerospace, and construction projects where requirements are fixed and changes are costly.

Answer-23: Feedback is usually gathered upfront during the requirements phase and can be difficult to incorporate later.

Answer-24: The Implementation phase is where the actual code is written based on the design documents.

Answer-25: Design provides the blueprint for implementation; the implementation phase converts design into working code.

Answer-26: It can be difficult to test if the requirements were not fully understood or implemented correctly in the earlier phases.

Answer-27: The V-Model emphasizes verification and validation at each stage of development, unlike Waterfall, which separates them.

Answer-28: It means that each phase is completed in order, and the output of one phase is the input to the next.

Answer-29: Project management in Waterfall is typically top-down, with clear milestones and deadlines for each phase.

Answer-30: Integration typically happens at the end of the implementation phase, after all components have been developed.

Answer-31: Risks are identified at the start of the project, but there is limited ability to mitigate them during later phases due to the rigid flow.

Answer-32: Quality assurance is typically handled during the Testing phase, once the system is built and functional.

Answer-33: Feedback is mostly one-directional, moving from one phase to the next, with limited ability to loop back based on findings.

Answer-34: Progress is tracked through phase completion milestones and the creation of deliverables at each stage.

Answer-35: In this phase, the project's requirements are gathered from stakeholders and documented for the entire project lifecycle.

Answer-36: The Waterfall Model is not typically used for ongoing maintenance, but it can handle it in the Maintenance phase after the system is deployed.

Answer-37: The Deployment phase focuses on releasing the software to end users and ensuring it is operational in the live environment.

Answer-38: Unit testing, system testing, integration testing, and acceptance testing are commonly performed.

Answer-39: Scope is defined at the beginning of the project and should not change, as changes are difficult to incorporate once development starts.

Answer-40: Documentation is crucial at every stage, with detailed records and plans at each phase to guide future stages.

Answer-41: It's generally less suitable for small projects, where iterative and flexible methods (like Agile) are preferred.

Answer-42: Design is completed before coding begins, with coding strictly following the design documents.

Answer-43: It focuses on verifying that the system works according to the requirements defined earlier.

Answer-44: Feedback is used to identify and fix issues, but the model doesn?t support ongoing feedback cycles as in Agile.

Answer-45: Change requests are difficult to accommodate, as changes require revisiting earlier phases, potentially delaying the project.

Answer-46: The model?s clear and structured approach provides easy coordination for large teams, with each team responsible for a specific phase.

Answer-47: Interaction is typically limited to the Requirements phase and potentially during the Acceptance phase after testing.

Answer-48: Costs can escalate if changes are needed after the project starts, as rework is often required in earlier phases.

Answer-49: The system is updated, patched, or enhanced as needed, with issues being addressed post-deployment.

Answer-50: No, because it is a rigid, sequential model that doesn?t support rapid changes or prototyping.

Answer-51: Progress is verified by ensuring each phase?s deliverables are completed before moving to the next phase.