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Question-1. What is data replication?
Answer-1: Data replication is the process of copying data from one location to another to ensure consistency and availability.
Question-2. Why is data replication important?
Answer-2: It improves data availability, fault tolerance, and disaster recovery.
Question-3. What are the common types of data replication?
Answer-3: Synchronous, asynchronous, and semi-synchronous replication.
Question-4. What is synchronous replication?
Answer-4: Data is copied to the replica simultaneously with the primary, ensuring consistency but can add latency.
Question-5. What is asynchronous replication?
Answer-5: Data is copied to the replica with some delay, reducing latency but risking temporary inconsistency.
Question-6. What is semi-synchronous replication?
Answer-6: It offers a balance where the primary waits for at least one replica to acknowledge before committing.
Question-7. How does replication differ from backup?
Answer-7: Replication is continuous data copying for availability, while backup is periodic data saving for recovery.
Question-8. What is data redundancy?
Answer-8: Data redundancy is storing copies of data in multiple locations to prevent data loss.
Question-9. How do replication and redundancy relate?
Answer-9: Replication creates redundant copies; redundancy relies on these copies for fault tolerance.
Question-10. What are the benefits of data redundancy?
Answer-10: Improved reliability, fault tolerance, and high availability.
Question-11. What is multi-region replication?
Answer-11: Copying data across geographically dispersed data centers for disaster recovery and low latency.
Question-12. How does replication impact system performance?
Answer-12: Synchronous replication can increase latency; asynchronous has minimal impact.
Question-13. What is eventual consistency in replication?
Answer-13: A consistency model where replicas converge over time but may be temporarily inconsistent.
Question-14. What is strong consistency?
Answer-14: All replicas reflect the most recent write immediately.
Question-15. What is the difference between active-active and active-passive replication?
Answer-15: Active-active allows all nodes to handle requests; active-passive uses standby replicas.
Question-16. What is a quorum in replication?
Answer-16: A majority of nodes that must acknowledge a write to ensure consistency.
Question-17. What is the CAP theorem?
Answer-17: It states that a distributed system can only guarantee two of Consistency, Availability, and Partition tolerance.
Question-18. How does replication help in disaster recovery?
Answer-18: By keeping copies of data in different locations for failover during disasters.
Question-19. What are replication lag and its causes?
Answer-19: The delay between the primary and replica updating, caused by network latency or load.
Question-20. What is chain replication?
Answer-20: A replication method where writes are forwarded along a chain of replicas.
Question-21. How does RAID relate to redundancy?
Answer-21: RAID provides redundancy at the disk level by duplicating or distributing data across disks.
Question-22. What is cross-region replication?
Answer-22: Replication between data centers in different geographic regions.
Question-23. What is snapshot replication?
Answer-23: Creating point-in-time copies of data for quick recovery.
Question-24. What tools support data replication in the cloud?
Answer-24: AWS DMS, Azure Data Sync, Google Cloud Spanner replication.
Question-25. What is the difference between file-level and block-level replication?
Answer-25: File-level copies files; block-level copies data blocks, offering finer granularity.
Question-26. How does replication ensure data durability?
Answer-26: By maintaining multiple copies, reducing risk of data loss.
Question-27. What are the challenges of data replication?
Answer-27: Latency, consistency, conflict resolution, and increased resource usage.
Question-28. What is conflict resolution in replication?
Answer-28: Mechanisms to handle data discrepancies when replicas diverge.
Question-29. What role does replication play in high availability?
Answer-29: It allows systems to failover to replicas without downtime.
Question-30. How does asynchronous replication handle data loss risks?
Answer-30: There is a risk of losing recent writes if the primary fails before replication.
Question-31. What is a replication topology?
Answer-31: The arrangement of primary and replica nodes and how data flows between them.
Question-32. What is master-slave replication?
Answer-32: A primary node handles writes; slaves replicate and handle reads.
Question-33. What is multi-master replication?
Answer-33: Multiple nodes can accept writes and replicate changes to each other.
Question-34. What is eventual consistency?s impact on user experience?
Answer-34: Users may see stale data temporarily but get updated data later.
Question-35. How is data replication secured?
Answer-35: Using encryption, authentication, and secure channels.
Question-36. What is replication factor?
Answer-36: The number of copies of data maintained across the system.
Question-37. How can replication improve read performance?
Answer-37: By distributing read requests to multiple replicas.
Question-38. What is split-brain in replication?
Answer-38: When two nodes believe they are primary, causing data conflicts.
Question-39. How to avoid split-brain scenarios?
Answer-39: Using quorum, fencing, or consensus protocols.
Question-40. What is snapshot isolation in replication?
Answer-40: A consistency model ensuring readers see a consistent snapshot.
Question-41. What is log shipping in replication?
Answer-41: Transferring database logs to replicas for replay.
Question-42. How does replication work in distributed databases?
Answer-42: Data is partitioned and replicated across nodes for availability and scalability.
Question-43. What is geo-redundancy?
Answer-43: Storing data in multiple geographic locations to prevent regional outages.
Question-44. How does replication support load balancing?
Answer-44: By distributing read requests among replicas.
Question-45. What is failover in replication?
Answer-45: Automatic switching to a replica when the primary fails.
Question-46. What is the difference between backup and replication in disaster recovery?
Answer-46: Backup is periodic and offline; replication is continuous and online.
Question-47. How do cloud providers implement replication?
Answer-47: Using managed services that replicate data across zones or regions automatically.
Question-48. What is eventual consistency trade-off?
Answer-48: Reduced latency and higher availability at the cost of temporary inconsistency.
Question-49. What is data sharding and its relation to replication?
Answer-49: Sharding partitions data; replication copies each shard for redundancy.
Question-50. Why is monitoring replication important?
Answer-50: To detect lag, failures, and ensure data consistency across replicas.
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Data Replication and Redundancy Strategies Interview Questions and Answers in PDF form Online
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