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Question-1. What is a cloud database?
Answer-1: A cloud database is a database service built, deployed, and accessed via a cloud platform, offering scalability and managed infrastructure.
Question-2. What is Amazon DynamoDB?
Answer-2: DynamoDB is a fully managed NoSQL database service provided by AWS designed for high performance and scalability.
Question-3. What is Google Cloud SQL?
Answer-3: Cloud SQL is a fully managed relational database service for MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server on Google Cloud Platform.
Question-4. What is Azure Cosmos DB?
Answer-4: Cosmos DB is a globally distributed, multi-model NoSQL database service by Microsoft Azure.
Question-5. Which data models does Cosmos DB support?
Answer-5: Cosmos DB supports document, key-value, graph, and column-family data models.
Question-6. Is DynamoDB a relational or NoSQL database?
Answer-6: DynamoDB is a NoSQL database optimized for key-value and document data.
Question-7. What SQL engines are supported by Google Cloud SQL?
Answer-7: Google Cloud SQL supports MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server.
Question-8. What are the main benefits of using DynamoDB?
Answer-8: High scalability, low latency, fully managed service, and built-in security.
Question-9. What consistency models does Cosmos DB provide?
Answer-9: Cosmos DB offers five consistency models: strong, bounded staleness, session, consistent prefix, and eventual consistency.
Question-10. How does Cloud SQL handle backups?
Answer-10: Cloud SQL provides automated backups and point-in-time recovery.
Question-11. Can DynamoDB handle transactions?
Answer-11: Yes, DynamoDB supports ACID transactions for coordinated updates.
Question-12. What is partition key in DynamoDB?
Answer-12: A partition key is a primary key component used to distribute data across partitions.
Question-13. What is a global table in DynamoDB?
Answer-13: Global tables provide multi-region, fully replicated tables for global applications.
Question-14. How does Cosmos DB ensure low latency globally?
Answer-14: By replicating data across multiple Azure regions with automatic failover.
Question-15. What are Cloud SQL read replicas?
Answer-15: Read replicas improve read scalability by replicating data asynchronously.
Question-16. Can Cosmos DB automatically scale throughput?
Answer-16: Yes, Cosmos DB offers automatic throughput scaling based on workload.
Question-17. What is a provisioned throughput in DynamoDB?
Answer-17: It is the amount of read/write capacity allocated to a table or index.
Question-18. Does Cloud SQL support high availability?
Answer-18: Yes, Cloud SQL supports HA with automatic failover and replication.
Question-19. What is a container in Cosmos DB?
Answer-19: A container is a schema-agnostic container for JSON documents with provisioned throughput.
Question-20. What types of indexes are used in DynamoDB?
Answer-20: DynamoDB uses primary keys, local secondary indexes, and global secondary indexes.
Question-21. How do you monitor Cloud SQL performance?
Answer-21: Using Google Cloud Console, Stackdriver Monitoring, and logs.
Question-22. What programming languages can be used with DynamoDB?
Answer-22: Any language that supports AWS SDKs like Python, Java, JavaScript, .NET, etc.
Question-23. How does Cosmos DB handle multi-master replication?
Answer-23: It allows writes to be accepted in multiple regions with conflict resolution.
Question-24. Can you run custom SQL queries in DynamoDB?
Answer-24: No, DynamoDB uses a NoSQL query language, not traditional SQL.
Question-25. What is Cloud SQL instance?
Answer-25: An instance is a managed database environment hosting one or more databases.
Question-26. What security features do these cloud databases offer?
Answer-26: Encryption at rest and transit, IAM integration, network isolation, and audit logging.
Question-27. How does DynamoDB handle scaling?
Answer-27: It automatically partitions and scales tables based on throughput.
Question-28. What backup options does Cosmos DB provide?
Answer-28: Automated backups with configurable retention periods and manual backups.
Question-29. What is a Cloud SQL failover replica?
Answer-29: A standby instance that can be promoted in case of primary failure.
Question-30. How does DynamoDB pricing work?
Answer-30: Pricing is based on provisioned throughput, storage used, and data transfer.
Question-31. What data consistency does Cloud SQL provide?
Answer-31: Strong consistency as it is a relational database.
Question-32. What are Cosmos DB's SLAs?
Answer-32: 99.999% availability, low latency, and throughput guarantees.
Question-33. How do you migrate an on-premise database to Cloud SQL?
Answer-33: Using Database Migration Service or manual export/import.
Question-34. Can you perform joins in DynamoDB?
Answer-34: No, joins are not supported; data modeling requires denormalization.
Question-35. What is a throughput unit in Cosmos DB?
Answer-35: A Request Unit (RU) is the currency for throughput provisioned.
Question-36. How do you secure Cloud SQL instances?
Answer-36: With SSL connections, IAM roles, private IPs, and firewall rules.
Question-37. What is DynamoDB Streams?
Answer-37: A feature that captures data changes for real-time processing.
Question-38. What are Cosmos DB's API options?
Answer-38: APIs for SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra, Gremlin, and Table storage.
Question-39. Does Cloud SQL support read scaling?
Answer-39: Yes, via read replicas.
Question-40. What are DynamoDB Global Secondary Indexes (GSI)?
Answer-40: Indexes with different partition and sort keys to support queries.
Question-41. What are common use cases for Cosmos DB?
Answer-41: IoT, retail, gaming, real-time personalization, and global apps.
Question-42. How do you monitor and troubleshoot DynamoDB?
Answer-42: Using AWS CloudWatch and DynamoDB console metrics.
Question-43. How is data replicated in Cloud SQL?
Answer-43: Using synchronous or asynchronous replication for HA and read replicas.
Question-44. Can Cosmos DB handle JSON documents?
Answer-44: Yes, it is optimized for JSON document storage.
Question-45. What is the maximum item size in DynamoDB?
Answer-45: 400 KB per item.
Question-46. How do you optimize queries in Cloud SQL?
Answer-46: By indexing, query optimization, and performance tuning.
Question-47. What is the pricing model for Cosmos DB?
Answer-47: Based on provisioned throughput (Request Units), storage, and data transfer.
Question-48. Can DynamoDB be integrated with AWS Lambda?
Answer-48: Yes, for event-driven architectures using DynamoDB Streams.
Question-49. What disaster recovery options exist in Cloud SQL?
Answer-49: Automated backups, replication, and failover.
Question-50. What is multi-region replication in Cosmos DB?
Answer-50: Replication of data across multiple Azure regions for availability and low latency.
Frequently Asked Question and Answer on Cloud Databases (DynamoDB, Cloud SQL, Cosmos DB)
Cloud Databases (DynamoDB, Cloud SQL, Cosmos DB) Interview Questions and Answers in PDF form Online
Cloud Databases (DynamoDB, Cloud SQL, Cosmos DB) Questions with Answers
Cloud Databases (DynamoDB, Cloud SQL, Cosmos DB) Trivia MCQ Quiz
