Electrostatics Questions and Answers for Viva

Answer-1: Electrostatics is a branch of physics that deals with the study of electric charges at rest.

Answer-2: Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that determines how it interacts with electric and magnetic fields. It can be positive or negative.

Answer-3: Coulomb's law states that the force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of their magnitudes and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Answer-4: An electric field is a vector field that describes the force experienced by a charged particle at any given point in space.

Answer-5: The electric field intensity at a point is defined as the force experienced by a unit positive test charge placed at that point.

Answer-6: An electric dipole consists of two equal and opposite charges separated by a distance. It has a net dipole moment.

Answer-7: Gauss's law states that the total electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the total charge enclosed by the surface divided by the permittivity of the medium.

Answer-8: Electric potential, also known as voltage, is the electric potential energy per unit charge at a point in space.

Answer-9: Electric potential is related to electric field by the equation: V = ?∫E?dl, where V is the electric potential and E is the electric field.

Answer-10: Capacitance is a measure of the ability of a system to store electric charge per unit voltage.

Answer-11: The principle of superposition states that the total electric field at a point due to a collection of point charges is the vector sum of the electric fields produced by each individual charge.

Answer-12: Electric flux is a measure of the flow of an electric field through a given area. It is defined as the dot product of the electric field and the area vector.

Answer-13: Dielectric material is an insulating material that can be polarized by an applied electric field, thereby increasing the capacitance of a capacitor.

Answer-14: Conductors allow charges to move freely within them and redistribute themselves to achieve electrostatic equilibrium.

Answer-15: Conductors allow charges to move freely in response to electric fields, while insulators do not allow charges to move easily.

Answer-16: Electric potential energy is the energy associated with the relative position of electric charges in an electric field.

Answer-17: In electrostatic equilibrium, the electric field inside a conductor is zero.

Answer-18: The presence of a dielectric material increases the capacitance of a capacitor by reducing the electric field between the plates.

Answer-19: Boundary conditions determine the behavior of electric fields and potentials at the interfaces between different materials.

Answer-20: Inside the sphere, the electric field is zero. Outside the sphere, it behaves as if all the charge were concentrated at the center, creating a field similar to that of a point charge.