Solar Cell Questions and Answers for Viva

Answer-1: A solar cell, also known as photovoltaic cell, is an electronic device that converts sunlight directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect.

Answer-2: Solar cells work by absorbing sunlight, which excites electrons in the cell's semiconductor material, generating an electric current.

Answer-3: The main components of a solar cell are the semiconductor material (typically silicon), metal contacts, and an anti-reflective coating.

Answer-4: Solar cell efficiency refers to the percentage of sunlight converted into electricity. Typical efficiencies range from 15% to 22% for commercial silicon-based solar cells.

Answer-5: There are various types of solar cells including monocrystalline, polycrystalline, thin-film, and organic solar cells.

Answer-6: Monocrystalline solar cells are made from a single crystal structure, while polycrystalline solar cells are made from multiple crystal structures. Monocrystalline cells tend to be more efficient but also more expensive.

Answer-7: Thin-film solar cells are lightweight, flexible, and can be produced using less material compared to traditional silicon-based cells. They can also perform better in low-light conditions.

Answer-8: Some challenges include high production costs, limited efficiency, and the need for improvements in energy storage solutions for times when sunlight is not available.

Answer-9: Solar cells typically have a lifespan of 25 to 30 years, although some can last longer with proper maintenance.

Answer-10: Yes, solar cells can still generate electricity on cloudy days, although their efficiency may be reduced compared to sunny days.

Answer-11: Solar cells are the individual units that convert sunlight into electricity, while solar panels are made up of multiple solar cells connected together to generate more power.

Answer-12: Solar cells are typically installed on rooftops or open areas using mounting systems to secure them in place and maximize sunlight exposure.

Answer-13: Solar cells produce electricity without emitting greenhouse gases or other pollutants, helping to reduce air pollution and combat climate change.

Answer-14: Yes, many governments offer incentives such as tax credits, rebates, and feed-in tariffs to encourage the adoption of solar energy.

Answer-15: Yes, solar cells can be used to generate electricity for both residential and commercial buildings, either through grid-tied systems or off-grid systems with battery storage.

Answer-16: The amount of space needed depends on factors such as the size and efficiency of the solar cells, as well as the electricity demand of the building.

Answer-17: Yes, solar cells can be recycled to recover materials such as silicon, glass, and metals, reducing the environmental impact of their disposal.

Answer-18: Solar cells allow individuals and businesses to generate their own electricity, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and centralized power grids.

Answer-19: Drawbacks include the initial high cost of installation, intermittency of sunlight, and the need for space for installation in some cases. However, these drawbacks are decreasing as technology improves and costs come down.