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Question-1. What is alternating current (AC)?
Answer-1: Alternating current is an electric current that periodically reverses direction, oscillating back and forth.
Question-2. Who is credited with the development of the concept of alternating current?
Answer-2: Nikola Tesla is credited with the development and promotion of alternating current.
Question-3. What is the standard frequency of AC power in most countries?
Answer-3: The standard frequency of AC power is either 50 Hz or 60 Hz, depending on the region. In India it is 50 Hz.
Question-4. What device is commonly used to generate alternating current?
Answer-4: Alternating current is commonly generated by electrical power generators, such as turbines and alternators.
Question-5. How does the voltage waveform of AC power typically appear?
Answer-5: The voltage waveform of AC power typically appears as a sinusoidal wave.
Question-6. What is the difference between AC and DC?
Answer-6: AC (alternating current) periodically changes direction, while DC (direct current) flows continuously in one direction.
Question-7. How is AC power transmitted over long distances?
Answer-7: AC power is transmitted over long distances using high-voltage power lines to reduce energy losses.
Question-8. What is the purpose of transformers in AC power transmission?
Answer-8: Transformers are used to step up or step down the voltage of AC power for efficient transmission and distribution.
Question-9. What safety measures should be taken when working with AC power?
Answer-9: Safety measures such as insulation, grounding, and the use of circuit protection devices are essential when working with AC power to prevent electric shock and injury.
Question-10. How is AC power converted to DC power?
Answer-10: AC power can be converted to DC power using rectifiers, which convert the alternating current into a unidirectional flow.
Question-11. What is the peak voltage of a sinusoidal AC waveform?
Answer-11: The peak voltage of a sinusoidal AC waveform is equal to the amplitude of the waveform.
Question-12. What is the root mean square (RMS) value of AC voltage?
Answer-12: The RMS value of AC voltage is a measure of the equivalent DC voltage that would produce the same amount of power in a resistive load.
Question-13. What is the phase difference between voltage and current in an AC circuit with a purely resistive lo
Answer-13: In a purely resistive AC circuit, the voltage and current are in phase, meaning they reach their peak values at the same time.
Question-14. What is the phase difference between voltage and current in an AC circuit with a purely inductive lo
Answer-14: In a purely inductive AC circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by 90 degrees.
Question-15. What is the phase difference between voltage and current in an AC circuit with a purely capacitive l
Answer-15: In a purely capacitive AC circuit, the current leads the voltage by 90 degrees.
Question-16. What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength in an AC waveform?
Answer-16: The wavelength of an AC waveform is inversely proportional to its frequency.
Question-17. What is resonance in an AC circuit?
Answer-17: Resonance occurs when the inductive reactance and capacitive reactance in an AC circuit cancel each other out, resulting in a maximum current flow.
Question-18. What is the power factor of an AC circuit?
Answer-18: The power factor of an AC circuit is the ratio of real power to apparent power and indicates how effectively the circuit converts electrical power into useful work.
Question-19. How is the power factor improved in an AC circuit?
Answer-19: The power factor can be improved by adding power factor correction devices such as capacitors to offset inductive reactance.
Question-20. What are some common applications of alternating current?
Answer-20: Common applications of alternating current include residential and commercial electrical power supply, industrial machinery, appliances, lighting, and electronics.
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